İNGİLİZCE
FEN BİLİMLERİ TESTİ
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 1
1. – 18. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere
uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
1. Some temperate environments have mild winters
with abundant ----, combined with extremely dry
summers.
A) heat B) harvest C) rainfall
D) supply E) growth
2. The world’s forests provide many ---- benefits,
such as prevention of soil erosion, as well as
commercially important timber.
A) severe B) dependent C) extinct
D) desperate E) valuable
3. Although most scientists agree that our planet
will continue to warm, they disagree over how ----
the warming will proceed.
A) hideously B) suitably C) profoundly
D) rapidly E) decadently
4. Each species has the capacity to produce more
offspring than will ---- to maturity.
A) conform B) present C) recognize
D) suggest E) survive
5. Since total sleeping time is likely to decrease with
age, older people may find going to bed later or
---- earlier helpful.
A) getting up B) making out
C) breaking down D) keeping off
E) taking away
6. Because chemistry ---- all materials, it is a subject
of enormous importance.
A) makes up B) looks up C) runs over
D) deals with E) turns out
7. We ---- chemistry as the science of the
composition and structure of materials and of the
changes that materials ----.
A) had defined / underwent
B) can define / undergo
C) have defined / had undergone
D) defined / will have undergone
E) define / would have undergone
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 2
8. For more than three thousand years, from the age
of the pharaohs until the 1500s, people ---- that
the sun, the stars, and the planets ---- around the
earth.
A) have believed / had moved
B) believe / have moved
C) had believed / move
D) were believing / could have moved
E) believed / moved
9. If we ---- the materials of technology, silicon ----
the first on that list.
A) are listing / was
B) listed / had been
C) were to list / would be
D) had listed / is
E) are to list / has been
10. A battery cell that ---- popular during the
nineteenth century ---- in 1836 by the English
chemist John Frederick Daniell.
A) had become / had been constructed
B) would have become / has been constructed
C) is to become / is constructed
D) became / was constructed
E) will become / may have been constructed
11. Cells that ---- the fastest, such as those in the
blood-forming tissues in bone marrow, ---- most
seriously by nuclear radiations.
A) will divide / must have been affected
B) have divided / had been affected
C) divided / will be affected
D) had divided / have been affected
E) divide / are affected
12. The changes of energy in nuclear reactions are
enormous ---- comparison ---- those in chemical
reactions.
A) above / over B) in / for
C) beyond / to D) by / with
E) of / after
13. ---- the fourteenth century, some architects
broadened their studies ---- light and began to
explore the science of optics.
A) Over / over B) During / of
C) Through / throughout D) At / in
E) Among / under
14. ---- the source of energy for nuclear power plants
and weapons can be the same, a typical nuclear
power plant does not contain enough fissionable
material in high enough concentration to produce
a nuclear explosion.
A) Although B) When C) If
D) Just as E) In case
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 3
15. Enormous underground beds of sodium and
potassium compounds formed ---- lakes and seas
became isolated by geological events.
A) as long as B) so that C) even if
D) unless E) when
16. A mixture is a material ---- can be separated by
physical means into two or more substances.
A) whereas B) whereby C) whether
D) that E) as
17. With a nuclear weapon, the objective is to release
the energy ---- rapidly ---- possible and produce a
nuclear explosion.
A) as / as B) both / and C) either / or
D) so / that E) not only / but also
18. Temperate rain forest, ---- occurs on the
northwest coast of North America, receives high
precipitation and is dominated by large conifers.
A) as well as B) more than C) such as
D) same as E) then
19. – 23. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da
ifadeyi bulunuz.
Differences in temperature caused by variations in
the (19)---- of solar energy at different locations drive
the circulation of the atmosphere. The warm surface
(20)---- the equator heats the air with which it comes
into contact, causing this air to expand and rise.
(21)---- the warm air rises, it flows away from the
equator, cools, and sinks again. (22)---- of it
recirculates back to the same areas which it originally
(23)----, but the remainder flows towards the poles,
where eventually it is chilled. Similar upward
movements of warm air and its subsequent flow
towards the poles occur at higher altitudes.
19.
A) pattern B) severity C) influence
D) pressure E) amount
20.
A) until B) inside C) through
D) near E) within
21.
A) As B) Although C) Just as
D) As long as E) Even if
22.
A) Any B) Much C) A few
D) Many E) Few
23.
A) is to leave B) leaves C) had left
D) will leave E) left
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 4
24. – 35. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
24. ---- as it extends outwards into space.
A) Earth’s rotation influences the direction that
winds blow
B) The atmosphere becomes less dense
C) Without the sun, life on Earth would cease
D) The nature of wind, with its turbulent gusts or
lulls, is complex and difficult to understand
E) Winds tend to blow from areas of high
atmospheric pressure to areas of low pressure
25. ---- that consists of physically distinct parts, each
with different properties.
A) By the end of the eighteenth century Lavoisier
and others had examined many compounds
B) Millions of substances have been characterized
by chemists
C) The various materials we see around us are
either substances or mixtures of substances
D) A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture
E) The word “matter” is the general term used to
refer to the materials around us
26. ---- when the atoms in substances rearrange and
combine into new substances.
A) The speeds of molecules in a gas vary over a
range of values
B) Atomic theory is central to chemistry
C) A chemical reaction occurs
D) The first metals used by man were probably
those that occurred naturally such as gold
E) A metal ore contains varying quantities of
economically worthless material
27. Although Dalton considered atoms to be the
ultimate particles of matter, ----.
A) we now know that atoms themselves have
structures
B) metallic elements and their compounds are
obtained principally from the earth’s crust
C) silicon is a prominent and considerably useful
material of technology
D) ceramics have been extended to include
materials other than fired clay and glass
E) composites are constructed of two or more
materials
28. ---- whether the universe will continue to expand
forever.
A) From the discussions at the conference it has
been clear
B) There is evidence for the growing view
C) Many scientists have conclusively proved
D) A recent analysis of some galaxies has shown
E) One important question is
29. If there was a “Big Bang,” that is, a huge
explosion in space some 15 billion years ago, ----.
A) there are two other ways to find out the age of
the universe
B) a great deal of evidence has been offered
C) it must have occurred simultaneously at all
points in the universe
D) the ages of stars have been estimated to be
about 10 to 15 billion years
E) over 90 per cent of the universe may be
nonluminous dark matter
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil..
A 5
30. Organisms depend on the atmosphere, ----.
A) although the sun’s energy is emitted into space
in the form of electromagnetic radiation
B) but they also maintain and, in certain instances,
modify its composition
C) since, without the sun’s energy, all water on
planet Earth would be frozen
D) just as the persistent prevailing winds blowing
over the oceans produce ocean currents
E) if the position of land masses also affects
oceanic circulation
31. Earth’s temperature shows significant variations
----.
A) because the sun’s energy does not uniformly
reach all places
B) even though the atmosphere is an invisible layer
of gases that envelops the Earth
C) whether or not oxygen and nitrogen are the
predominant gases in the atmosphere
D) in case the atmosphere performs several
ecologically important functions
E) as deep ocean currents often travelled in
different directions and at different speeds
32. In a natural ecosystem, the essential minerals
removed from the soil by plants are returned ----.
A) whereby many human activities generate soil
problems, including mineral depletion
B) since water, wind, ice, and other agents cause
soil erosion
C) while humans often accelerate soil erosion
through poor soil management practices
D) although soil is a valuable natural resource on
which humans depend for food
E) when the plants and the animals that eat them
die and decompose
33. Many animals have a defined growth period ----.
A) that terminates when a characteristic adult size
is reached
B) even when the living material within cells is in
continuous motion
C) although organisms move as they interact with
the environment
D) whether adaptations are traits that enable an
organism to survive in a particular environment
E) since Darwin did not know about DNA or
understand the mechanisms of inheritance
34. ----, Earth’s overall temperature increases.
A) Because, during the past 1,000 years, forests in
temperate areas were largely cleared
B) Since subsistence agriculture accounts for 60
per cent of tropical deforestation
C) As the atmosphere and the oceans warm
D) Even though wildlife in tropical lands suffers due
to deforestation
E) While certain parts of the world are critically
short of protected areas such as national parks
35. ----, the change in the length of a metal rod is
generally too small to measure accurately for
ordinary changes in temperature.
A) When the first idea for a thermometer made use
of the expansion of a gas
B) Although metals expand with temperature
C) Just as the most common scale today to
measure temperature is the Celsius scale
D) As long as the Fahrenheit scale is commonly
used in the United States
E) If different materials do not expand in quite the
same way over a wide temperature range
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil..
A 6
36. – 38. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye
anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.
36. The discovery of the electron in the 1890s might
be said to mark the beginning of modern physics.
A) 1890’larda elektronun keşfinin, modern fiziğin
başlangıcını belirlediği söylenebilir.
B) Denilebilir ki elektronun 1890’larda keşfi, modern
fiziğin başlangıcını ifade eder.
C) 1890’larda elektronun keşfi ile modern fizik başlamıştır
denilebilir.
D) Modern fiziğin, 1890’larda elektronun keşfi ile
başladığı söylenebilir.
E) Elektronun 1890’larda keşfi üzerine, modern fiziğin
başladığı söylenebilir.
37. One of the most interesting applications of laser
light is the production of three-dimensional
images called “holograms.”
A) “Hologram” denilen ve üç boyutlu olan görüntülerin
üretilmesi, lazer ışığının en ilginç kullanımlarından
bir tanesidir.
B) Lazer ışığının en ilginç uygulamalarından biri,
“hologram” adı verilen üç boyutlu görüntülerin
üretilmesidir.
C) “Hologram” olarak bilinen üç boyutlu görüntüler,
lazer ışığının en ilginç bir şekilde kullanımı ile
üretilmektedir.
D) Lazer ışığının en ilginç bir başka kullanımı, “hologram”
olarak tanımlanan üç boyutlu görüntü
üretimidir.
E) En ilginç bir uygulama ile, lazer ışığı, “hologram”
denilen üç boyutlu görüntülerin üretiminde kullanılmaktadır.
38. Several problems have to be overcome to make
any nuclear reactor function.
A) Herhangi bir nükleer reaktörün çalışmasını sağlamak
için, bir sürü sorunun çözümlenmesi şarttır.
B) Bir nükleer reaktörün çalışması, pek çok sorunun
üstesinden gelinmesine bağlıdır.
C) Bir nükleer reaktörü çalıştırabilmek için, çeşitli
sorunların aşılması gerekmektedir.
D) Birçok sorunun çözümlenmesi, bir nükleer reaktörün
çalışması için gereklidir.
E) Bir nükleer reaktörün çalışması için, farklı pek
çok sorunun çözümü gerekir.
39. – 41. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
39. 1930’ların ortalarına kadar, tüm atomların, nötronlar,
protonlar ve elektronlardan oluştuğu kabul
ediliyordu.
A) Until the mid-1930s, it was admitted that all
atoms were made up of neutrons, protons, and
electrons.
B) Down to the middle of the 1930s, it was agreed
that neutrons, protons, and electrons constituted
atoms of all kinds.
C) By the middle of the 1930s, atoms of all kinds
were believed to have neutrons, protons, and
electrons in them.
D) It was about the mid-1930s that the basic
constituents of all atoms were considered to be
neutrons, protons, and electrons.
E) As far back as the mid-1930s, it was recognized
that every atom had neutrons, protons, and
electrons as its basic constituents.
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 7
40. Samanyolunun sayısız yıldızdan ibaret olduğunu
ilk gözlemleyen, Galileo olmuştur.
A) The Milky Way was first observed by Galileo who
suggested that it consisted of innumerable stars.
B) It was Galileo who first observed that the Milky
Way is comprised of countless stars.
C) Galileo was the first to observe the Milky Way,
which is made up of an infinite number of stars.
D) For Galileo, who first made observations, an
infinite number of stars constituted the Milky
Way.
E) The Milky Way, which was first observed by
Galileo, is constituted by a countless number of
stars.
41. Aşağı yukarı 200 yıl öncesine kadar, bilimsel
araştırmalarda ölçüm birimleri standart değildi
ve bu standart eksikliği, bilimsel iletişimi zorlaştırıyordu.
A) Since the units of measurement in scientific
research had not been standardized before,
there was much difficulty in scientific
communication about 200 years ago.
B) Due to the lack of standards for the units of
measurement in scientific research, scientific
communication until about 200 years ago was
very difficult.
C) It was about 200 years ago that, as there were
no standards for the units of measurement in
scientific research, it was extremely difficult to
have any scientific communication.
D) It was very hard to have any scientific
communication about 200 years ago because
there was a serious lack of standards for the
units of measurement in scientific research.
E) Until about 200 years ago, the units of
measurement in scientific research were not
standardized, and this lack of standards made
scientific communication difficult.
42. – 46. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada
anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek
cümleyi bulunuz.
42. Energy can be transformed from one form to
another. A stone held high in the air has potential
energy; as it falls, it loses potential energy, since
its height above the ground decreases. At the
same time, it gains in kinetic energy, since its
velocity is increasing. Potential energy is being
transformed into kinetic energy. ---- At the base of
the dam, the kinetic energy of the water can be
transferred into turbine blades and further
transformed into electric energy.
A) As for potential energy, it is the energy
associated with forces that depend on the
position or configuration of a body or bodies and
the surroundings.
B) The word “work” has a variety of meanings in
everyday language, but in physics, work is given
a very specific meaning to describe what is
accomplished by the action of a force.
C) Similarly, water at the top of a dam has potential
energy, which is transformed into kinetic energy
as the water falls.
D) Besides the kinetic and potential energy of
ordinary objects, there are other forms of energy,
which include electric energy, nuclear energy,
thermal energy, and chemical energy.
E) For instance, according to the atomic theory,
thermal energy is interpreted as the kinetic
energy of rapidly moving molecules.
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 8
43. Electronics and communications have been
completely transformed by technological
advances in materials. A good example is opticalfibre
cables that have replaced long-distance
telephone cables made of copper wire. Optical
fibres are fine threads of extremely pure glass.
---- Not only are optical-fibre cables cheaper and
less bulky than copper cables carrying the same
information, but also by using different colours of
light, optical-fibre cables can carry voice, data,
and video information at the same time.
A) In fact, in view of staggering advances in
scientific research and technological application,
one can say that scientists continue to develop
new materials and discover new properties of old
ones.
B) Scientists have demonstrated that they can
transform light pulses into electronic computer
signals at the rate of 3 billion bits of information a
second.
C) Marconi (1874-1937) invented and developed
the wireless telegraph, which could send
messages hundreds of kilometres at the speed
of light without the use of wires.
D) Because of their purity, these fibres can transmit
laser light pulses for miles compared with only a
few inches in ordinary glass.
E) Moreover, chemists could correlate molecular
structure with the characteristics of materials and
so begin to fashion materials with special
characteristics.
44. One characteristic property of a gas is its
compressibility, that is, its ability to be squeezed
into a smaller volume by the application of
pressure. By comparison, liquids and solids are
relatively incompressible. The compressibility of
gases was first studied quantitatively by Robert
Boyle in 1661. When he poured mercury into the
open end of a J-shaped tube, the volume of the
enclosed gas decreased. Each addition of
mercury increased the pressure on the gas,
decreasing its volume. ----
A) It is true that gases are composed of molecules
whose size is negligible compared with the
average distance between them.
B) While studying the composition of air, John
Dalton concluded in 1801 that each gas in a
mixture of unreactive gases acts as though it
were the only gas in the mixture.
C) According to Newton, the pressure of a gas was
due to the mutual repulsions of the gas particles,
that is, gas molecules.
D) The Swiss mathematician and physicist Daniel
Bernoulli suggested in 1738 that molecules of
gases move faster at higher temperatures.
E) From such experiments, he formulated the law
now known by his name and called “Boyle’s law.”
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 9
45. Sometimes organisms modify their own
microclimate. For instance, trees modify the local
climate within a forest so that in summer the
temperature is usually lower, and the relative
humidity greater, than outside the forest. The
temperature and humidity beneath the litter of the
forest floor differ still more; in the summer this
area is considerably cooler and moister than the
surrounding forest. ---- The cooler daytime
microclimate in their burrows permits them to
survive until night, when the surface cools off
and they can come out to forage or hunt.
A) As another example, many desert-dwelling
animals burrow to avoid surface climatic
conditions that would kill them in minutes.
B) An area’s climate comprises the average
weather conditions that occur there over a period
of years.
C) One of the most important climatic factors is
temperature, which comprises both average
temperature and temperature extremes.
D) Precipitation is greatest where warm air passes
over the ocean, absorbing moisture, and is then
cooled, such as when humid air is forced
upwards by mountains.
E) Actually the tropics are hotter and less variable
in climate than are temperate and polar areas.
46. Fires were a part of the natural environment long
before humans appeared, and many terrestrial
ecosystems have adapted to it. African savana,
North American grasslands, and pine forests of
the southern United States are some of the fireadapted
ecosystems. For example, fire helps
maintain grasses as the dominant vegetation in
grasslands by removing fire-sensitive hardwood
trees. The influence of fire on plants became even
more evident once humans appeared. ---- Indeed,
humans set fires for many reasons, such as for
agricultural exploitation and urban development.
A) Humans also try to prevent fires, and sometimes
this effort can have disastrous consequences.
B) Because humans deliberately and accidentally
set fires, fire became a more common
occurrence.
C) When fire is excluded from a fire-adapted
ecosystem, organic litter accumulates.
D) The deadly fire in Colorado during the summer of
1994 claimed the lives of 14 firefighters.
E) Controlled burns are used to suppress firesensitive
trees, thereby maintaining the natural
fire-adapted ecosystem.
47. – 51. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş
bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
47. Edward:
- Recently I’ve been reading about the Gaia
hypothesis. Although some scientists are
reluctant to accept it, I am for it.
Tina:
- Yes, I know there has been much debate
recently on this hypothesis. But what is the
hypothesis about exactly?
Edward:
- ----
Tina:
- I see. Surely, planet Earth is alive in the sense
that it is capable of self-maintenance.
A) As far as I am concerned, the hypothesis is not
based on verifiable scientific evidence.
B) I am afraid I can’t explain it to you in detail, but it
is something to do with the earth.
C) You should know about it better than I do
because you have written a lot about it.
D) I can see you are one of the scientists who are
strongly opposed to it.
E) Well, according to the Gaia hypothesis, Earth
can be viewed as a single living organism.
2010 - ÜDS Sonbahar / İNG-Fen Bil.
A 10
48. Tom:
- By the way, let me ask you a simple question:
how do you explain the wide variety of
organisms on Earth?
Philip:
- I don’t think it is a simple question with a simple
answer. A lot can be said in answer to this
question.
Tom:
- ----
Philip:
- Alright. One major explanation is that, since
Earth has many different climates, ranging from
cold, snow-covered polar climates to hot
tropical climates where it rains almost every
day, each climate has its own organisms which
have adapted to it and differ widely from the
organisms of other climates.
A) I thought I would get the right answer only from
you, but you have disappointed me.
B) Are you in fact saying that you can’t answer my
question accurately?
C) I am sure of it. However, you can at least tell me
in general terms why this is so.
D) Do you mean that scientific matters are very
complex and have no right answers?
E) I agree with you. So complicated a question as
this one cannot be answered right away.
49. Jack:
- As a scientist, can you tell me the relationship
between a hypothesis and a theory?
Samuel:
- Sure I can. Why do you ask? It is a very
technical question.
Jack:
- ----
Samuel:
- Well, in that case, I can tell you that, if a
hypothesis successfully passes many tests, it
becomes known as a theory.
A) I know it is. Recently I’ve been interested in
scientific terms and issues. So I wanted to take
your view on this matter.
B) Don’t you think explanations help us organize
knowledge and predict future events?
C) I’ve always believed that, as the two aspects of
science, experiment and explanation are closely
related.
D) After a series of experiments, a researcher can
see some relationship or regularity in the results.
E) Clearly, the design of experiments and the
explanation of results draw on the creativity of a
researcher.
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. D
5. A
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. D
11. A
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. D
16. E
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. D
21. B
22. C
23. A
24. E
25. D
26. A
27. E
28. C
29. A
30. B
31. D
32. A
33. C
34. B
35. E
36. B
37. E
38. D
39. B
40. E
41. C
42. D
43. E
44. B
45. D
46. E
47. D
48. B
49. A
50. C
